An Investigation of Language Attitudes and Second Language Motivation among Burushaski Natives

Abstract

The youth of the Hunza district in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, commonly speak both their native language, Burushaski, and English as their second language. There is concern that negative attitudes towards Burushaski in the youth community may lead to the loss of the native language. This study aimed to explore the attitudes of Burushaski-native youth towards Burushaski and English languages. In addition, it also intended to explore their motivation to learn English for increased fluency. Using the quantitative approach, data was collected through an online survey in which 178 respondents took part. Results showed that: (i) the youth of Hunza associated high instrumental value with English, while Burushaski is considered culturally significant, (ii) Western English-speaking Communities and Pakistani English-speaking Communities were held in higher regard compared to those who only speak Burushaski, and (iii) most youth were highly motivated to learn English further. The study recommends educational and social interventions to preserve the Burushaski language and community bonds. Further research is needed to understand attitudes towards indigenous languages in Pakistan and how these languages can be preserved by their native youth.